French President Emmanuel Macron and Italy's Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni held their first bilateral summit on Thursday in the resort town of Antibes, France, showcasing a united front and agreeing to deepen cooperation in defense, space, and energy. The meeting marked a significant step in mending ties that have often been strained between the leaders of the European Union's second- and third-largest economies.
Summit at Villa Eilenroc
The negotiations took place at the Villa Eilenroc, a 19th-century residence overlooking the Mediterranean. This was the first summit since a treaty on a strategic alliance came into force in 2021, elevating relations to a level comparable to that between France and Germany. Macron addressed reporters with a smile, calling Meloni "Dear Giorgia," and said, "We all live under the same climate -- it is warm. And there is nothing glacial anymore." Meloni responded, describing their relationship as that of "serious people who talk politics."
Overcoming Past Strains
Ties have often been testy between Macron, a pro-European centrist, and Meloni, who leads a coalition of right and far-right parties. However, both leaders have worked to ease tensions. Meloni had previously sought to position herself as a bridge between Europe and US President Donald Trump. But following a recent G7 summit in France, she distanced herself from Trump over what she called his "constant, unprovoked attacks." Macron indicated on Thursday that they wanted Europe and the United States to remain close. "We want to keep the Americans on our side," he said, while acknowledging that "there will likely be changes, new twists and turns" in the relationship with Washington.
Cooperation in Defense, Space, and Energy
The two leaders announced plans to deepen cooperation in defense, space, and energy sectors. Specific initiatives were not detailed, but the agreement signals a commitment to strategic collaboration. Macron and Meloni also discussed a multinational coalition to succeed the UN peacekeeping force in Lebanon, UNIFIL.
Proposal for Post-UNIFIL Coalition
Macron stated, "We want to launch a coalition for the post-UNIFIL arrangement, obviously in coordination with the European Union and the United Nations, to strengthen Lebanon's sovereignty and that of its armed forces." Meloni added, "Italy and France can absolutely make a difference." The UNIFIL force has been a buffer between Lebanon and Israel since 1978, though its presence has not prevented repeated conflicts. Last August, the UN Security Council, under US pressure, decided to end the mandate of UNIFIL on December 31, 2026.
Impact on EU Dynamics
The summit in Antibes marks a turning point in Franco-Italian relations, with both leaders emphasizing unity. The cooperation agreement is expected to influence EU policy, particularly in defense and energy independence. Meloni's shift away from Trump aligns her more closely with Macron's vision of European strategic autonomy.
