The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has issued a powerful statement in defence of Somalia's sovereignty and unity. The move comes in response to rising tensions following a controversial memorandum of understanding signed between Ethiopia and the breakaway region of Somaliland.
OIC's Firm Stance on Sovereignty
During an urgent meeting in Jeddah, the OIC's Council of Foreign Ministers delivered a clear and unified message. The 57-member bloc strongly reaffirmed its unwavering support for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political independence of the Federal Republic of Somalia. This position is based on the fundamental principles of the OIC Charter and the United Nations, which both emphasise the inviolability of borders established at independence.
The council's communique explicitly addressed the recent agreement between Ethiopia and Somaliland. It called upon all OIC member states to fully respect Somalia's sovereignty and territorial integrity. The statement urged the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to adhere to these principles and engage in peaceful dialogue with Somalia to resolve the ongoing dispute.
The Root of the Diplomatic Crisis
The crisis stems from a deal signed on January 1, 2024. In this memorandum, landlocked Ethiopia sought sea access by securing a 20-kilometre stretch of coastline in Somaliland. In return, Ethiopia reportedly offered potential recognition of Somaliland as an independent state. Somaliland, which declared independence from Somalia in 1991, has not gained widespread international recognition.
The Somali government in Mogadishu has vehemently rejected this pact, labelling it an act of aggression and a violation of its sovereignty. Somalia considers Somaliland an integral part of its national territory. The OIC's statement aligns with the position of the African Union and other international bodies that have expressed deep concern over the escalating situation.
Regional Implications and Calls for Dialogue
The OIC's intervention highlights the potential for regional destabilisation. The Horn of Africa is a strategically vital yet volatile region. The council emphasised the importance of peaceful coexistence and good neighbourly relations as pillars for regional security and development.
Beyond calling on Ethiopia, the OIC urged both parties to de-escalate tensions and engage in direct talks. The statement encouraged dialogue to resolve differences in a manner that preserves the rights and interests of all parties while upholding international law. The OIC's Secretary-General was also tasked with following up on the implementation of this decision, signalling the bloc's ongoing commitment to the issue.
This strong collective stance from the Muslim world's premier organisation adds significant diplomatic weight to Somalia's cause. It underscores a broad consensus against unilateral actions that could redraw maps or undermine the sovereignty of a member state.
