PEROWAL: Punjab's mango industry, a key symbol of Pakistan's agricultural heritage and one of the country's most prized export commodities, is facing a severe setback this year. Climate-related challenges and inadequate support measures are threatening production across South Punjab.
Decline in Fruit Setting
Khanewal, one of the largest mango-producing districts in South Punjab, has witnessed a significant decline in fruit-setting rates during the 2026 season. Growers report that despite the flowering stage being completed, a lower-than-normal conversion of flowers into fruit has raised serious concerns about overall production. Many orchard owners have noted that contractors are reluctant to lease mango orchards due to fears of reduced yields, leaving farmers facing financial uncertainty.
Extreme Weather Conditions
Agricultural experts and growers attribute the decline to extreme weather conditions, including unseasonal heatwaves, sudden temperature fluctuations during the flowering period, strong winds, heavy rains, and hailstorms that damaged developing fruit. Mango grower Ahmed Ali Sargana explained that unusually high temperatures in March prevented flowers from developing into healthy fruit. He added that the incidence of "Bator" disease and pest attacks increased significantly during the season, while prolonged heatwaves caused a large number of immature mangoes to fall from trees prematurely.
Production Estimates and Impact
Experts estimate that mango production in some areas could decline by 20 percent or more compared to normal years. The impact is expected to extend beyond farmers, affecting export volumes and domestic market prices. Industry stakeholders say the crop has arrived in markets later than usual this year, while exporters are already reporting concerns about reduced availability.
Orchard Leasing Activity Slows
Landowner Akbar Shah said climatic instability had created uncertainty across the sector and slowed orchard leasing activity. "The market for orchard contracts has weakened considerably because growers and contractors alike expect lower production," he stated. Water availability has also emerged as a major concern for orchard owners, who fear irrigation shortages could further affect fruit quality and yields.
Symbol of Agricultural Excellence
South Punjab's mangoes, renowned worldwide for their unique sweetness, aroma, and flavour, are widely regarded as a symbol of Pakistan's agricultural excellence. The current challenges threaten not only the livelihoods of farmers but also the country's reputation in the global mango market.
